Quantum Journal of Medical and Health Sciences

PROTEINURIA-STRATIFIED RESPONSE TO COMBINED TONSILLECTOMY AND STEROID PULSE THERAPY IN IGA NEPHROPATHY

2024-09-21T07:59:09+00:00

IgA nephropathy is the most common primary glomerulonephritis, characterized by IgA deposition in the glomerular mesangium. Proteinuria is a critical prognostic factor in disease progression. Current treatment approaches include supportive care and immunosuppressive therapy. Tonsillectomy combined with steroid pulse therapy has emerged as a potential treatment strategy, based on the hypothesis that tonsils play a role in disease pathogenesis and that targeting both mucosal and systemic immune responses may yield synergistic benefits. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of combined tonsillectomy and steroid pulse therapy in IgA nephropathy patients, with a focus on outcomes based on initial proteinuria status. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated that combined tonsillectomy and steroid pulse therapy may be superior to monotherapy in achieving clinical remission and preserving renal function. The efficacy appears to be influenced by baseline proteinuria levels, with patients presenting moderate to severe proteinuria showing more pronounced benefits. Long-term follow-up data suggest improved renal survival and sustained proteinuria reduction in patients undergoing combination therapy. However, the optimal timing of intervention and patient selection criteria remain areas of active investigation. The treatment approach must be balanced against potential risks, including surgical complications from tonsillectomy and adverse effects of steroid therapy. Combined tonsillectomy and steroid pulse therapy shows promise as a treatment strategy for IgA nephropathy, particularly in patients with moderate to severe proteinuria. Further research is needed to refine patient selection criteria and optimize long-term outcomes.

PHYSICAL QUALITY AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF KALANCHOE PINNATA LEAF EXTRACT OINTMENT AGAINST CANDIDA ALBICANS

2024-12-20T10:30:55+00:00

Candidiasis is still a problem and the increasing resistance of microbes to drugs has encouraged the search for sources of antimicrobial drugs from natural ingredients. The Kalanchoe pinnata plant contains active compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, and saponins which have the potential to act as antifungals. This research aimed to determine the physical quality and antifungal activity of Kalanchoe pinnata leaf extract ointment against Candida albicans. The method used was experimental and four formulas were made with varying concentrations of added Kalanchoe pinnata leaf extract, namely F0 (0%), F1 (5%), F2 (10%), and F3 (15%). The results of the F0 organoleptic test are yellow, semisolid, and have a characteristic ointment odor. Meanwhile, F1, F2, and F3 are brown to dark brown, semisolid, and have a distinctive smell of Kalanchoe pinnata leaf extract. The homogeneity test results show that each formula has homogeneous properties. The pH test results on F0, F1, F2, and F3 were 5.90 respectively; 5.63; 5.54; and 5.37. The spreadability test results at F0, F1, F2, and F3 were 5.77 cm, 5.61 cm, 5.39 cm, and 5.22 cm, respectively. The antifungal activity test results at F0, F1, F2, and F3 were 0 mm, 4.31 mm, 8.04 mm, and 11.50 mm, respectively. The results obtained show that Kalanchoe pinnata leaf extract can be formulated in ointment preparations and has antifungal activity, the best seen from the inhibition test is in F3 with an extract concentration of 15%.

BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE COMPOSED IN SYRUP PREPARED FROM VITEX DONIANA FRUIT

2024-12-20T10:42:48+00:00

Plant-based foods' health-promoting and disease-curing properties can be found in their rich chemicals. Evidence revealing this is the number of chemicals isolated from the plants that have been successfully employed to cure and prevent human and animal diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical compounds in syrup prepared from Vitex doniana fruit using conventional and GC-MS methods. The phytochemicals qualitatively screened are phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, and cardiac glycosides. Their quantity values are 17.437, 0.289, 19.088, 48.273, 3.139, and 26.817, respectively. Nineteen compounds were identified with the GC-MS chromatogram at a retention time that ranged from 4.727 to 24.701 min. These chemicals were confirmed based on their area%, height%, structure formula, retention time, and molecular weight. The chemical compounds are glycerol, L-Mannomethylose, Ethyl β-d-riboside, Methyl pentofuranoside, Di-tert-butylphenol, 3-Acethylthymine, Tetradecanoic acid, 1-Tridecene, n-Hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, n-Hexadecanoic acid, 1, E-11, Z-13-Octadecatriene, 1-(4-Bromobutyl)-2-piperidinone, 1-Flourodecane, and Palmitic acid β-monoglyceride. These arrays of biological compounds are known to function as antioxidants, antimicrobials, and energy sources. This emphasises that the syrup will be used as food and medicine for the human healthcare system.

ANTIOXIDANT, PHENOLICS, PHYTOCHEMICAL, FLUORESCENCE PROFILE OF BAOBARANG (EMBELIA RIBES FRUITS): PROMISING UNANI IMMUNO PROTECTOR

2024-12-20T13:15:57+00:00

In unani medicine Embelia ribes fruits known as Baobarang are used to treat various diseases. Previous studies have shown them to possess Analgesic, Anti-microbial, Anti diabetic, Anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory activity etc. In view of the medicinal importance of Embelia ribes here, its fruit extracts in various solvents were evaluated for chemical constituents, total phenolics and in-vitro Antioxidant scavenging capacity by spectrophotometer. The Fluorescence profile of the herb was also generated by treatment with chemical reagents under UV (254 and 365 nm) and day light. The total phenolics in Aqueous, Alcoholic and hydroalcoholic extract were 46.66, 72.33 and 54.83 mg/g Gallic Acid Equivalent respectively and Antioxidant activity was determined using 2,2-diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)radical. Hydroalcoholic extract of Baobarang showed maximum scavenging activity with minimum IC50 value. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, steroids, tannins, proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates, alkaloids, glycosides, resins and saponins. The presence of phenolics and antioxidant activity accounts for its use as potential herbal natural oxidative stress reducing remedy. The study further provides scientific support to the use of Baobarang as General tonic Anti-ageing and Immuno protective in unani system of medicine.

WOMEN’S INTENSITY OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASE COMPARED TO MEN IN BANGLADESH

2024-12-20T14:12:41+00:00

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are strongly connected with human mortality and morbidity. Bangladesh has a high rate of chronic illnesses. Global efforts for women's health are mostly focused on improving sexual and reproductive health. The purpose of this study is to determine the severity of Noncommunicable diseases in women by comparing risk variables by gender. Between February and May 2023, a cross-sectional survey was undertaken to identify the baseline status of Noncommunicable disease risk variables among men and women over the age of 35 in chosen intervention and control locations in rural Bangladesh as part of a noncommunicable diseases project. We conducted blood pressure and anthropometric assessments on 100 men and 100 women using the World Health Organization STEPS questionnaire and normal operating procedures. We performed a descriptive analysis with SPSS Statistics 20.0. According to the findings, 75% of males are married, 5% are single, and 20% of women are widowed. Approximately 46% are working women. Women had a greater prevalence than males of lack of physical activity (28% vs 72%), overweight and obesity (45% vs 55%), excessive waist circumference (21% vs 79%), Noncommunicable diseases (35% vs 65%), and uncontrolled diabetes mellites after medication (47% vs 53%). Women are less likely than males to seek medical treatment (83% vs 17%), have self-reported ailments (69% vs 31%), consume fruits and vegetables (77% vs 23%), or use medicines (59% vs 41%). Women are more likely to suffer from anxiety (67%) and depression (86%). In Bangladesh, women have a greater incidence of certain behavioral and clinical risk factors than males. A thorough assessment of such differences between men and women might increase knowledge of situations and help health providers and policymakers optimize preventative policies to reduce the global illness burden more effectively in both men and women.

EVALUATING CLINICAL EFFICACY AND COMPLICATION MANAGEMENT IN ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURED SUBPERIOSTEAL IMPLANTS: LITERATURE REVIEW

2024-10-19T12:25:04+00:00

Subperiosteal implants are a practical option for patients with significant bone atrophy for whom traditional dental implants are not viable. Recent advances in additive manufacturing (AM) have made it possible to design exact, patient-specific implants that reduce complications and improve outcomes. This systematic review evaluates the clinical success and postoperative complications associated with AM subperiosteal implants. The PubMed and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies published from January 2019 to January 2024. Keywords included "additively manufactured subperiosteal implants" and "3D printed implants". The review included randomized controlled trials, non-randomized trials, and observational studies. Quality assessment was performed using the Downs and Black checklist to ensure the reliability of the included studies. Out of 235 initial records, four studies were selected for the final analysis, involving 60 patients who received AM subperiosteal implants. Complication rates varied from 6.25% to 30%, with peri-implantitis being the most common issue. Nevertheless, the overall success rate of implants was high, with over 90% of cases achieving satisfactory outcomes. 3D imaging technology allowed for highly accurate implant fitting and reduced surgical time. AM subperiosteally implants significantly advance dental implantology, particularly for patients with complex bone conditions. While the results are promising, further long-term research must confirm their durability and success in a broader range of patients.

FORMULATION OF BODY SCRUB COMBINATION OF ARABICA COFFEE AND VANNAMEI SHRIMP SHELLS

2024-10-21T07:37:47+00:00

Body Scrub is a cosmetic treatment that works to help lift dead skin cells. Coffee can serve as a scrubbing ingredient, while shrimp shells contain chitosan that is useful for smoothing the skin. This study aims to determine the effect of differences in the concentration of Tween 60-Span 60 as an emulgator on Arabica coffee powder body scrub formulation with vannamei shrimp shells (Litopenaeus vannamei). The body scrub formulation uses 15% Arabica coffee bean powder and 3% vannamei shrimp shells and a variation in the concentration of Tween 60-Span 60. namely F1 (1.5: 0.5%), F2 (1%:1%), and F3 (0.5%: 1.5%). Formula evaluation tests include organoleptics tests, homogeneity tests, pH tests, dispersion tests, adhesion tests and cream type tests. Furthermore, a stability test was carried out using the cycling test method for 6 cycles. The data was analyzed using the One Way Anova test followed by the Tukey HSD test. The results of statistical analysis in the spreadability and stickiness tests showed that there was an influence of variations in the concentration of Tween 60-Span 60 in F2 and F3 with the significance value for both formulas being 0.985 for the positive control. The stability test shows a stable formula at changes in storage temperature. It can be concluded that the best emulgator concentration for the body scrub formula in this study is the ratio of Tween 60-Span 60 1%:1% and 0.5%:1.5%.