CURRENT PERSPECTIVES ON FUNGAL INFECTIONS: PATHOGENESIS, DIAGNOSIS AND HERBAL TREATMENT
Keywords:
superficial, subcutaneous, histopathology, immunological assayAbstract
Fungal infections, or mycoses, pose a significant global health concern affecting humans, animals, and plants. These infections can manifest as superficial, subcutaneous, or systemic, with millions of serious cases reported annually, resulting in substantial mortality rates worldwide. The rise in fungal infections is attributed to various factors, including social and medical advancements facilitating their spread. The pathogenesis of fungal infections involves complex interactions between fungal pathogens and the host's immune system. Fungi adhere to, invade, and evade immune responses, leading to tissue damage and disease progression. Compromised immunity, moist environments, and certain medications contribute to fungal infection development. Diagnosing fungal infections, particularly invasive ones, remains challenging. Conventional methods like histopathology and culture have limited sensitivity, prompting the development of newer techniques such as molecular and immunological assays to improve accuracy and timeliness. Herbal approaches to fungal infection treatment have gained attention due to limitations of conventional antifungal medications, including drug resistance. Traditional medicine has long utilized plant extracts for their medicinal properties, with research suggesting their potential efficacy against fungal infections. In summary, understanding pathogenesis, improving diagnostic methods, and exploring herbal treatment options are crucial for effectively managing fungal infections and addressing the challenges they pose in healthcare.
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