GUT BACTERIAL DIVERSITY IN TRIBES OF INDIA: A REVIEW
Keywords:
human gut microbiota, bacterial diversity, tribes, IndiaAbstract
Throughout the course of human history, populations have traversed diverse stages of subsistence such as hunting, foraging, horticulture and agriculture. Even in the contemporary world, numerous tribal communities inhabit geographically isolated regions and rely on their traditional subsistence practices for sustenance. Their enduring cultural and dietary practices of these populations have not only shaped their gut microbial composition, but have also played a significant role in influencing their metabolic processes and overall well-being. The exploration of the human gut microbiome is garnering increased attention over the past couple of decades. Comprehensive population-level investigations of gut microbiota in Indian tribes, incorporating representative samples across varied geographical and subsistence contexts, are notably scarce. Importance of intricate and diverse nature of gut microbiome in these healthy tribal populations is crucial, since it provides insights into the interplay between their dietary choices, gut microbiota, and health outcomes. This paper undertakes a thorough review of research into the gut microbiota of 21 Indian tribal populations hailing from diverse geographical regions of India. We also look into the variations in their gut microbiota and discuss possible reasons for similarities and dissimilarities in the gut microbial profiles in the various tribes.
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