CLINICAL PROFILES OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS RETINITIS: 8 YEARS REVIEW
Keywords:
cytomegalovirus, retinitis, human immunodeficiency virus, vitritisAbstract
The objective is to describe clinical manifestation and visual outcome of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis. It was a retrospective study where medical records of CMV retinitis patients from January 2011 to December 2018 who were treated at our ophthalmology clinic were reviewed. The data were collected from hospital records. A total of 6 patients (7 eyes) with CMV retinitis were included. There was 66.6% of CMV retinitis patients aged less than 50 years old. There was equal ratio between male and female. All the patients were Malays. Half of the patients has history of hypertension (50.0%). There were 1 patient (16.7%) associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and 2 patients (33.3%) had diabetes mellitus. All patients presented with blurring of vision and 3 of them (4 eyes, 57.1%) associated with floaters. There were 2 eyes (28.6%) presented with visual acuity worse than 6/60 and 5 eyes (71.4%) had vision better than 6/18. Posterior uveitis comprises 57.1% (4 eyes) compared to 42.9% for panuveitis (3 eyes). Vitritis (7 eyes, 100.0%) and retinitis (6 eyes, 85.7%) were the most common presentation. Three patients received intravitreal ganciclovir alone while 2 patients received combination of intravenous and intravitreal ganciclovir. Only 1 patient received intravenous ganciclovir monotherapy. Four eyes had static vision and 1 eye had vision improvement from 6/15 to 6/6. Overall, 4 eyes (57.1%) had vision better than 6/18 post treatment. CMV retinitis were common among immunocompromised status and can present as posterior uveitis or panuveitis. Visual acuity shows variable results following treatment.
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