GLOBAL BARRIERS AND ENABLERS TO EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENTAL SURVEILLANCE AND INTERVENTION: A SCOPING REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55197/qjmhs.v4i3.162Keywords:
early intervention, child development, development delay, access to diagnosisAbstract
Child development encompasses a range of physiological, cognitive, emotional, and social changes that children undergo from birth through adolescence. Early childhood is a critical period as rapid developmental changes take place, which can have lasting impacts on a child's health and well-being. This study focused on summarizing and evaluating child development monitoring tools and systems in several countries, including Malaysia, as well as their strengths, limitations, and target populations. Next, this study also focused on the barriers to the recognition of potential needs, access to diagnosis, and early intervention on developmental delay. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The search included articles published from 1 January 2003 to 1 October 2023. Several examples of the differences in child developmental monitoring programme was shown from both high-and-low-income countries such as the United States and India, respectively. The factors for child developmental monitoring in terms of recognition, diagnosis, and early intervention were categorized into child, family, and service factors. As all child factors are non-modifiable, the importance of family and service factors must be emphasised. Early detection and intervention are paramount as they reduce the risk of developing future developmental disorders.
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